TP53 Genetic Test
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| TP53 Genetic Test : - What is a - TP53 - genetic test? A TP53 genetic test uses a sample of your blood, bone marrow, or tissue from a tumor to look for changes in the tumor protein 53 gene, or TP53 for short. Changes in your genes are also called gene variants or mutations. Genes are parts of DNA in your cells that you inherit from your parents. You inherit two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Genes carry information that controls what you look like and how your body works. TP53 is a type of gene called a "tumor suppressor." Tumor suppressor genes provide instructions for making proteins that help prevent or slow the growth of cells that may become tumors. The proteins work by: - Preventing cells from dividing too quickly to make new cells. - Repairing damaged DNA in cells. - Starting the normal process of cell death in cells that can't be repaired. If you have certain changes in a TP53 gene, the gene or the protein it makes may not work well or may stop working completely. As a result, your cells may grow out of control, which can lead to tumors and cancer. Changes in your TP53 gene can be acquired or inherited. Acquired changes in your genes are not passed down from your parents. They develop at some time after you're born. These kinds of changes are extremely common, accounting for more than half of all adult cancers. Where you develop these gene changes, and how likely you are to develop them, depends on a variety of factors. These include: - Errors in DNA repair or when cells divide to make new cells. These errors can happen at any time. However, they become more common with age. They are also more common in some cells than others. For example, TP53 gene changes are especially common in breast tissue cells. - Being exposed to certain carcinogens (substances that increase your likelihood of getting cancer). For example, exposure to cigarette smoke or diesel exhaust can lead to TP53 gene changes in your lungs. Similarly, exposure to UV radiation from the sun and some artificial sources like tanning beds can lead to these changes in your skin. - Having certain chronic viral infections, such as HPV. These viruses can damage your DNA and lead to TP53 gene changes in your cervix. Inherited changes in your genes are changes that you're born with. They show up in all the cells in your body, including your egg or sperm cells. That means they can be passed from parent to child. Inherited changes in the TP53 gene cause a rare genetic condition called Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS). It increases your risk of developing certain types of cancer, including cancer of the breast, bone, and muscles. Other names: TP53 mutation analysis, TP53 full gene analysis, TP53 somatic mutation | |
| Review Date: 05/12/2025 | Updated By: |