Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Test
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| Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Test : What is an arterial blood gas test? An arterial blood gas (ABG) test measures the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide (CO2) in a sample of your blood. The blood oxygen measurement shows how well your lungs move oxygen from the air into your blood when you breathe in. The carbon dioxide measurement shows how well your lungs remove carbon dioxide from your blood when you breathe out. Most blood tests take a sample from a vein. For this test, a health care provider will take a sample of blood from an artery (a blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood from your heart and lungs to your body). That's because blood from an artery has higher oxygen levels than blood from a vein. An ABG test usually includes the following levels: - Oxygen saturation (O2 Sat). This measures how much oxygen your red blood cells are carrying. - Partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2). This measures the pressure of oxygen that's dissolved in your blood. It helps show how well your lungs move oxygen from the air into your blood when you breathe in. - Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2). This measures the amount of carbon dioxide (an acidic waste product that your body makes naturally) in your blood. It also shows how well your lungs remove carbon dioxide from your blood when you breathe out. - Acid-base balance (pH level). This measures the acidity of your blood. Too much acid is called acidosis. Too much base (alkaline) is called alkalosis. If your blood and tissues become even slightly too acidic or too basic (alkaline), it can affect many of your organs and even become life-threatening. An ABG test may also measure your bicarbonate (HCO3) concentration. Bicarbonate is an electrolyte. Electrolytes are electrically charged minerals that help control the amount of fluids and the balance of acids and bases (pH balance) in your body. Most of the carbon dioxide in your blood is stored as bicarbonate. So, this measurement can help show your carbon dioxide levels. Other names: blood gas test, arterial blood gases, ABG, oxygen saturation test | |
| Review Date: 26/06/2025 | Updated By: |